How many stages are there in the drowning process?

The drowning process is understood to occur in a specific series of stages, which typically include the following:

1. Surprise/Prevention Stage: This stage occurs when an individual unexpectedly finds themselves in a life-threatening situation in water.

2. Submersion and Struggling Stage: The person struggles and attempts to keep their head above water.

3. Inhale Water: As they struggle, the individual may begin to inhale water, leading to respiratory distress.

4. Loss of Consciousness: The lack of oxygen can lead to unconsciousness as the person becomes unable to fight against drowning.

5. Cardiac Arrest: If not rescued, the person can enter a stage where their heart may stop functioning due to the effects of prolonged oxygen deprivation and inhalation of water.

While some sources might point to different numbers or stages based on various factors, a commonly accepted model in lifeguarding training identifies these five distinct stages as a framework for understanding the progression of drowning. Recognizing these stages allows lifeguards and responders to appropriately assess the situation and respond effectively.

Therefore, the correct answer aligns with the widely recognized understanding of the drowning process in lifeguard training, and the breakdown into five stages